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A COORDENAÇÃO AGROINDUSTRIAL CITRICOLA BRASILEIRA E OS NOVOS RECURSOS DE PODER: DOS POLITICOS AOS JURIDICOS AgEcon
Paulillo, Luiz Fernando; Almeida, Luiz Manoel de Moraes Camargo.
This work shows that the political and legal resources available to citrus farmers have become as strategic as financial, technological and organizational resources. The study presents an analysis of the Brazilian citrus business governance, which is defined by the use of different strategies among citrus farmers and processing plants: the citrus farmers and their main association use political resources, while some big juice processing plants resort to legal resources. This opposition represents a new obstacle to the achievement of positive results by citrus farmers in the current power network. Court orders demonstrate that orange supply contracts have become a fundamental empowering instrument in the sector, leading to strategic gains for the juice...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Citrus farmers; Power; Resources; Juice processing plants; Citrus business governance; Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62142
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A menu-driven facility for complex sample size calculation in randomized controlled trials with a survival or a binary outcome: Update AgEcon
Barthel, Friederike Maria-Sophie; Royston, Patrick; Babiker, Abdel.
Royston and Babiker (2002) presented a menu-driven Stata program for the calculation of sample size or power for complex clinical trial designs under a survival time or binary outcome. In the present article, the package is updated to Stata 8 under the new name ART. Furthermore, the program has been extended to incorporate noninferiority designs and provides more detailed output. This package is the only realistic sample size tool for survival studies available in Stata.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Sample size; Power; Randomized controlled trial; Multiarm designs; Survival analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117503
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An Integrated Approach to Analyzing (Adaptive) Comanagement Using the “Politicized” IAD Framework Ecology and Society
Whaley, Luke; Water Science Institute, Cranfield University; l.whaley@cranfield.ac.uk; Weatherhead, Edward K.; Water Science Institute, Cranfield University; k.weatherhead@cranfield.ac.uk.
Scholars of comanagement are faced with a difficult methodological challenge. As comanagement has evolved and diversified it has increasingly merged with the field of adaptive management and related concepts that derive from resilience thinking and complex adaptive systems theory. In addition to earlier considerations of power sharing, institution building, and trust, the adaptive turn in comanagement has brought attention to the process of social learning and a focus on concepts such as scale, self-organization, and system trajectory. At the same time, a number of scholars are calling for a more integrated approach to studying (adaptive) comanagement that is able to situate these normative concepts within a critical understanding of how context and power...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis Palavras-chave: Comanagement; Adaptive comanagement; IAD Framework; Politicized IAD Framework; Methodology; Institutions; Power; Discourse; Resilience.
Ano: 2014
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Application of PFC3D to simulate a planetary ball mill CIGR Journal
Chen, Ying; Guzman, Leno; Potter, Simon; Khan, Majibur.
Planetary ball mill is a versatile machine which has been used for grinding different types of materials for size reduction and lately for hemp decortication. PFC3D, software employing the discrete element method (DEM), was used to simulate the power and energy requirement of grinding hemp for fibre using a planetary ball mill. The simulation was facilitated through a series of hemp grinding tests using the planetary ball mill to examine the power draw of the mill. The test results identified that grinding speed had a significant effect on the power draw of the mill. The power draw data were used to calibrate the discrete element parameters for different grinding speeds. Using the calibrated parameters, one was able to predict the kinetic energy and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Agricultural machinery; Bioprocessing PFC3D; Discrete element model (DEM); Hemp; Planetary ball mill; Power; Energy; Kinetic; Friction.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2986
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Application of Urine as Fuel in a Soil-based Membrane-less Single Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell CIGR Journal
Simeon, Meshack Imologie; Otache., Matins Yusuf; Ewemojie, Temitayo Abayomi; RAJI, AbdulGaniy Olayinka.
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology is a promising bio-technology that utilizes the microorganism in organic wastes to generate electricity. Although human urine has been identified as a suitable substrate in MFCs, its possible utilization in a soil-based Membrane-less Single Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (MSCMFC) for constant power generation has, hitherto, not been reported. In this study, a MFC was set up with mud as inoculums in a plastic cylindrical vessel using carbon felt electrodes. It was operated for 19 days (456 hours) without extra substrate. Then, the MFC was treated with human urine (as substrate) four times (Days 19, 24, 32 and 36) each time the MFC output stabilized across external loads. A control MFC (MFCcontrol) was made the same way and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Renewable Energy; Microbial Fuel Cell Technology Soil; Urine; Microorganism; Power; Fuel Cell.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4808
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Bringing ‘Deep Knowledge’ of Fisheries into Marine Spatial Planning ArchiMer
Said, Alicia; Trouillet, Brice.
In marine spatial planning (MSP), the production of knowledge about marine-based activities is fundamental because it informs the process through which policies delineating the use of space are created and maintained. This paper revises our view of knowledge—developed during the mapping and planning processes—as the undisputed factual basis on which policy is developed. Rather, it argues that the construction, management, validation, and marginalisation of different types of knowledge stemming from different stakeholders or disciplinary approaches is at the heart of policy and planning processes. Using the case of fisheries-generated knowledge in the implementation of MSP, we contend that the fisheries data informing the MSP process are still very much...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Knowledge; Power; Co-production; Spatial planning; Fisheries; Data model; Technical considerations; Political scrutiny.
Ano: 2020 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00652/76386/77397.pdf
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Collective Action and Property Rights for Poverty Reduction: A Review of Methods and Approaches AgEcon
Mwangi, Esther; Markelova, Helen.
While much attention has been given to examining various aspects of poverty, a number of studies have shown that institutional environment in which the poor exist conditions welfare outcomes, thus highlighting the inherently crucial importance of institutions for poverty reduction. The institutions of property rights and collective action are among those identified as playing a major role in the livelihood strategies of the poor. This paper highlights ways to operationalize the conceptual framework developed by Di Gregorio and colleagues (2008), which provides an analytical tool to study poverty through the institutional lens with a special focus on collective action and property rights. By emphasizing the multidimensionality of poverty, the authors...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Collective action; Property rights; Poverty reduction; Evaluation; Vulnerability; Power; Institutions; Wellbeing; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44355
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Conceptualizing power to study social-ecological interactions Ecology and Society
Boonstra, Wiebren J; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University; wijnand.boonstra@su.se.
My aim is to conceptualize power using social science theory and to demonstrate why and how the concept of power can complement resilience studies and other analyses of social-ecological interaction. Social power as a scientific concept refers to the ability to influence both conduct and context. These two dimensions of power (conduct and context) can be observed by differentiating between various sources of power, including, for example, technology or mental power. The relevance of the conceptualization of power presented here is illustrated with the example of fire as a source of social-ecological power. I conclude by discussing how attention to power can help to address issues of social justice and responsibility in social-ecological interactions.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis Palavras-chave: Fire domestication; Power; Resilience; Social responsibility; Social-ecological interactions; Sociology.
Ano: 2016
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Design and fabrication of a tractor powered leaves collector machine equipped with suction-blower system CIGR Journal
Azadbakht, Mohsen; Kiapey, Ali; Jafari, Ali.
Leaves scattered on the parks, passages, and other places have a detrimental effect on the beauty of the environment, and decrease photosynthesis, hence, the efficiency of plants.  Leaves are also used in the production of peat.  This makes using leaves collectors in parks, and organizations with a green space useful.  Due to the fact that leaves take up a high volume, their transportation is difficult.  Using the machine introduced in this paper which was equipped with a suction-blower system, increases efficiency, and at the same time decreases the costs of green space, and their workforce cost.  Focusing on overcoming the mentioned difficulties, this study was carried out in order to design and produce a tractor powered leaves collector equipped with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Leaves collector; Blower system; Suction system; Design; Power; Tractor.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2850
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DESIGN OF ELECTRONIC CONTROL GOVERNOR FOR A SINGLE CYLINDER GASOLINE ENGINE BASED ON AN INTELLIGENT SENSING ALGORITHM REA
Sun,Lixiang; Yang,Yan; Ma,Fang; Jing,Wen; Zheng,Yibo; Wu,Hao.
ABSTRACT At present, most large machinery and vehicle engines are electronically controlled but their electronic control systems are too expensive to be popularised and applied in small gasoline engines with relatively low prices. Therefore, small gasoline engines still use mechanical speed regulators. Mechanical speed regulators not only have the defects of inertia lag, friction resistance, inherent speed regulation and the like, but also have the disadvantage that dynamic performance and steady performance cannot be combined, which is not suitable for the increasingly improved speed regulation performance of gasoline engines. This paper describes the design of an electronically controlled intelligent governor for small gasoline engines. Starting from a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Electronic control; Intelligent perception; Dynamic and steady state performance; Power; Hunting.
Ano: 2020 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162020000400495
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DIMENSIONES CULTURALES EN LA EMPRESA ESTATAL DE AUTOSERVICIO, SUCURSAL DELICIAS, CHIHUAHUA AgEcon
Quiroz Guzman, Tamara; Valtierrez Angel, David Arnoldo.
The branch of the supermarkets is seen threatened each day by radical changes and sometimes involuntary those which should be faced in a way practical and direct as if is tried to minority problems. Furthermore, as all in the life changes and evolves, the market is not left behind being this obligator to improve their/its continuous improvement strategies to reach the excellence and the permanency before the competition every time but direct. The present study is carried out in the state self-service company in Delicias City, Chihuahua, who requested the one which anonymity devotes to the foods and products marketing for household. It is I accomplished a study that consisted of measuring the cultural dimensions of the groups that meet in Delicias and the...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cultural dimensions; Uncertainty; Power; Womanliness; Masculinity; Collectivism; Individualism; Society.; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93906
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Equity, Power Games, and Legitimacy: Dilemmas of Participatory Natural Resource Management Ecology and Society
Barnaud, Cecile; INRA, UMR1201 DYNAFOR; Toulouse University, INPT-ENSAT; Toulouse University, INPT EI Purpan ; cecile.barnaud@toulouse.inra.fr; Van Paassen, Annemarie; Knowledge, Technology and Innovation Group, Wageningen University;.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Critical systems; Inequity; Participatory approach; Power; Reflexivity; Transdisciplinarity.
Ano: 2013
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Evaluating Responses in Complex Adaptive Systems: Insights on Water Management from the Southern African Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (SAfMA) Ecology and Society
Bohensky, Erin; University of Pretoria; ebohensky@zoology.up.ac.za; Lynam, Timothy; University of Zimbabwe; tlynam@science.uz.ac.zw.
Ecosystem services are embedded in complex adaptive systems. These systems are riddled with nonlinearities, uncertainties, and surprises, and are made increasingly complex by the many human responses to problems or changes arising within them. In this paper we attempt to determine whether there are certain factors that characterize effective responses in complex systems. We construct a framework for response evaluation with three interconnected scopes or spatial and temporal domains: the scope of an impact, the scope of the awareness of the impact, and the scope of the power or influence to respond. Drawing from the experience of the Southern African Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (SAfMA), we explore the applicability of this framework to the example of...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Responses; Complex adaptive systems; Ecosystem services; Southern Africa; Water management; Impact; Awareness; Power.
Ano: 2005
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Evaluation of new agricultural tractors engines by using a portable dynamometer Ciência Rural
Farias,Marcelo Silveira de; Schlosser,José Fernando; Estrada,Javier Solis; Frantz,Ulisses Giacomini; Rodrigues,Fabrício Azevedo.
ABSTRACT: Official agricultural engineering testing aims to determine torque and power, which are important information for decision making when buying an agricultural tractor. In this research the torque and maximum power values provided by manufacturers with the dynamometer tests values, were compared. Forty new agricultural tractors commercialized in the brazilian market were used. Tractors were classified according to the power range in: Class I (less than or equal 22.1kW); Class II (between 22.1 and 51.5kW); Class III (51.5 and 73.5kW); Class IV (73.5 and 117.7kW); and Class V (117.7 and 183.9kW). Variables were analyzed with the statistic t-Student test (P≥0.05). Class IV tractors engines power is bigger in comparison to the values specified by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report Palavras-chave: Diesel cycle; Torque; Power.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016000500820
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Frames of Scale Challenges in Finnish and Greek Biodiversity Conservation Ecology and Society
Apostolopoulou, Evangelia; Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki ; evaposto@bio.auth.gr; Paloniemi, Riikka ; Environmental Policy Centre, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE); riikka.paloniemi@ymparisto.fi.
Global conservation expansion has been associated with significant changes in cross-scale interactions and in the discourses surrounding them engendering new scale challenges in the field of biodiversity conservation. In this paper, we analyze frames of scale challenges by drawing on evidence from eight focus groups of stakeholders and scientists from Greece and Finland. By following a systematic frame analysis we found three dominant frames. First, framing scale challenges as mainly derived from knowledge gaps regarding ecological scale emphasizes the scale problems occurring when only limited consideration is given to the scale-dependence of ecological phenomena. This prioritizes the formulation of scientifically informed conservation policies,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Biodiversity governance; Conservation areas; Fit; Frames; Learning; Mismatch; Power; Scale.
Ano: 2012
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From coastal timber supply area to Great Bear Rainforest: exploring power in a social–ecological governance innovation. Ecology and Society
Moore, Michele-Lee; University of Victoria; mlmoore@uvic.ca; Tjornbo, Ola; SiG@Waterloo, University of Waterloo; ola.tjornbo@gmail.com.
As the 2005 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment revealed, many social–ecological systems around the world are currently being governed unsustainably. Consequently, social innovation is needed to transform current governance regimes and introduce new more resilient arrangements. Although dominant institutions and social groups may resist such innovations which threaten the status quo and their interests, groups on the margins of the established social order can often trigger governance transformations, despite a lack of conventional financial and institutional resources. In particular, there are numerous cases of marginalized groups initiating processes of radical change to establish sustainable governance practices for threatened...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Governance transformation; Great Bear Rainforest; Power; Social innovation.
Ano: 2012
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From Resilience to Transformation: the Adaptive Cycle in Two Mexican Urban Centers Ecology and Society
Pelling, Mark; King's College London; mark.pelling@kcl.ac.uk; Manuel-Navarrete, David; King's College London; david.manuel_navarrete@kcl.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Adaptive cycle; Climate change; Disaster management; Mexico; Power; Resilience; Transformation.
Ano: 2011
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From the help desk: It's all about the sampling AgEcon
McDowell, Allen; Pitblado, Jeffrey S..
Effective estimation and inference, when the data are collected using complex survey designs, requires estimators that fully account for the sampling design. This article explores, by means of Monte Carlo simulations of the power of simple hypothesis tests, the consequences of parameter estimation and inference when naive estimators are employed with survey data.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Cluster; Design; Power; Strata; Svy; Svymean; Svyset; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115961
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GAINS IN PERFORMANCE OF DIESEL CYCLE ENGINE USING B10 Engenharia na Agricultura
Guimarães, Camila Coelho; Santos, Vivianni Marques Leite dos; Dantas, Alan Christie da Silva; Cortez, Jorge Wilson; Pereira, Paulo José.
Studies to develop renewable fuels, such as biodiesel, as substitutes for petroleum diesel are of great environmental importance. However, to be effectively incorporated into the energy mix, satisfactory performance of a diesel cycle engine under the effect of this biofuel must be ensured. The objective of this study was to evaluate the specific fuel consumption, effective power and torque of a diesel engine with respect to resistive loads under varying volumetric proportions of soybean biodiesel in diesel mineral oil (5% (B5), 10% (B10), 25% (B25) and 50% (B50)) under varying applied loads (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, 7.5 and 9.0 kW). For the test, a 7.36 kW engine coupled to a 28.8 kW three-phase electric generator was used. The loads were elevated up to 9.0 kW...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Energia na Agricultura consumption; Dynamometer test; Power; Torque.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.seer.ufv.br/seer/index.php/reveng/article/view/762
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Generalized power calculations for generalized linear models and more AgEcon
Newson, Roger.
The powercal command can compute any one of the five quantities involved in power calculations from the other four. These quantities are power, significance level, detectable difference, sample number, and the standard deviation (SD) of the influence function, which is equal to the standard error multiplied by the square root of the sample number. powercal can take arbitrary expressions (involving constants, scalars, or variables) as input and calculate the output as a new variable. The user can therefore plot input variables against output variables, and this often communicates the tradeoffs involved better than a point calculation as output by the sampsi command. General formulas are given for calculating the SD of the influence function when the...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Powercal; Power; Alpha; Significance level; Detectable difference; Detectable ratio; Sample number; Standard deviation; Influence function; Sample design; Generalized linear model; Proportion; Arithmetic mean; Algebraic mean; Geometric mean; Odds; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116258
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